英语大牛必背：十个容易出错的语法点

英语大牛必背：十个容易出错的语法点

1. 代词

在动词be或to be后的人称代词要看其前面的名词或代词而定

I thought it was he我以为是他（主格-主格）

I thought it to be him.我以为是他（宾格-宾格）

I was taken to be she.我被当成了她（主格-主格）

They took me to be her.他们把握当成了她（宾格-宾格）

2. 情态动词

may well+do 完全可能；很可能He may well decide to start earlier than expected.

may/might as well 还是。。。。的好 You might as well come with me.

3. 时态

1） 按计划或者时间表的活动，用一般现在时表示将来。

2） 过去完成时用于intend, mean, plan, hope, expect, want, think等动词，表示“过去未曾实现的一种想法、希望、打算、意图等”

还可以用这些动词的过去时+have done 来表达相同的意思

He had intendedto go to Beijing, but he was too busy =

He intended tohave gone to Beijing,but he was too busy. （打算去，但没有去）

3) 10种常见的被动的形式，主动的含义：

be dressed in, be drunk, be married to, be divorced from, be engagedto, be seated, be lost, be supposed to, be based on, be stationed(驻扎在)

4) get+done 接近被动语态，表示“最后终于；突然发生”

get paid, get changed, get married, get divorced, get repaired, gethurt, get damaged

5) 某些动词（以物作主语时）常用进行时表示被动意义。

build, make, bake, owe, cook, print, brew（酿造）

The magazine is printing=the magazineis being printed.

4. 当不定式所修饰的名词是time, place, way时，其后面习惯上省略介词。

She has no place to live(in)

5. 表示一次性动作或已经完成的动作，要用定语从句做定语，不能用分词做定语。

The boy who helped us yester day is his classmate.

Do you know the accident which happened just now?

Those who have finished their home work may leave now.

6. 能带动词的-ed形式做宾语补足语的动词有:（此处-ed宾语补足语往往是未发生的动作）

★want, wish, like, order sth.+done

I don’t wish such questions discussed at the meeting.我不希望在会议上讨论这样的问题

★feel, hear, listen to,see, watch, notice, observe sth.+done

He wants it done as quickly as possible.他希望这件事尽快做好。

★make, have, get, keep,leave sth.+done

Will you please make yourself known to us? 请你向我们介绍一下自己，好吗？

★ 介词with和 without+sth. +done （已发生）

Do you know the girl with her hair tied back? 你认识那个吧头发扎在脑后的女孩吗？

7. 在动词 allow; permit; forbid; advise; consider后，跟动名词做宾语（不接不定式）却跟不定式做宾补。

She advised meto stay at home.

She advised staying at home.

I consider him to be honest. 认为

I consider going toCanada.考虑

8. It 用作形式宾语特殊结构再记

★appreciate, enjoy, like, love, dislike, hate,等动词后接由if或when引导的从句时，常常在从句前加it

I hate it when they talk with their mouth fullof food.

★在answer for担保，负责 count on期待 see to注意做到，设法做到，负责做到, depend on相信 insist on坚持等后接宾语从句时，必须加it做形式宾语

See to it that you are not late again. 注意不要再迟到了

We are counting on it that he will succeed. 我们期待着他的成功。

★在动词 have声称，据传，硬说；take猜想，认为，理解；hide隐瞒；publish公布；put表达，写出来后加由引导的宾语从句时，常常在从句前加 it做形式宾语

The newspapers have it that the president of that country will visitChinanext month.

We take it that you often complain about him for his being late.

我理解你经常抱怨他迟到这事。

9. 状语从句中的特殊连词

引导原因状语从句的特殊连词：

now that, seeing that鉴于；由于；因为,considering that考虑到；就。。。而论, for fear that

引导条件状语从句的特殊连词:

given that只要是，考虑到；假定；providing that/provided that如果；倘若，条件是; supposing that;on condition that; as/so long as; if only;

引导目的状语从句的特殊连词：

Lest (that)唯恐；以免 in case, for fear that生怕；以免, for thepurpose that, in the hope that

Seeing that you insist, I will reconsider the matter.鉴于你这么坚持，我会考虑此事的。

Given that you are this busy, I’ll not trouble you.考虑到你这么忙，我就不打扰你了。

I will go providing/provided that my expenses are paid。如果我的费用有人包了我就去。

There will be danger lest (that) the plan isknown 如果计划暴露就有危险

10. 当as(尽管)+倒装句中倒装部分为动词、动词的-ing或动词的-ed时，位于部分要补加助动词do, dose, did或will,may ,might等.

Try hard as he will, he never seems able todo the work satisfactorily. ( he is trying hard/he tries hard)

Study as he might, he failed again and again. ( he studied)

Lie as he does/did, some people always believe/believed what he says/said.

★关于There be特殊句型：

There is nosense in doing 做某事是没有用的，没有意义的

There is no sense in making him angry.跟他生气是没有用的。

There is nouse /good doing 做某事是没有用的，没有必要的

There is no use trying to explain it.解释是没有必要的。

There is no good/use going there. 去那儿是没有好处的。

There is no need for us to do 没有必要做某事

There is no need for us to give him so much money. 根本没有必要给他那么多的钱。

There is thought/said/reported to be 人们认为有/据说有/据报道有

There is thought to be an army between in these two countries。

人们认为在这两国之间有一场战争。

There is reported to be a better way to cure cancer.

据报道，找到了一种更好的治疗癌症的方法。

There is no doing（口语）不可能…….

There is no telling/saying when he will be back.无法知道他什么时候回来。

There is noknowing what he is doing. 无法知道他在做什么。

★there be句式的非谓语形式。

There be 的非谓语形式有两种，即there to be 和there being。需要掌握以下几个情况：

1）作主语

当作主语时，一般是There being结构，当句式中有for时，一般用there to be如：

There being a shop here is a great advantage. 这儿有个商店，真是方便极了。

There being a house with a garden is of great value. 拥有花园的房子是很有价值的。

It is impossible for there to be any more. 不可能再有了。

2）作宾语

作动词宾语时，一般用there to be 结构。常见动词有：expect, mean, intend want, prefer等：

We expect there to be no argument.我们希望不会出现争吵。

People don't want there to be anther war.人们不希望再有战争。

作介词的宾语一般用There being句式，但当是for时一般用there to be句式。

This depended on there being a sudden change. 这需要有一个突然的改变。

The teacher was waiting for there to be complete silence.老师在等着大家都安静下来。

3）作状语

用作状语的there be的形式通常用there being结构。

There being no buses, we had to walk home. 由于没有公共汽车，我们不得不走着回家。

There being no nobody in the room, we realized that there was no use crying.

屋里没人，我们意识到哭喊是没有用的。

There being nothing else to do, we went home happily.由于没事可做，我们快乐地回家了。

注意：如果句中出现for时应用there to be。

It was too late for there to be no buses. 太晚了，没有公共汽车了。