中华思想文化术语权威英译 | 太学

每个国家和民族都有自己独具的思想文化和话语体系，而思想文化术语无疑是一个国家和民族话语体系中最核心、最本质的部分，是它的思想之“髓”、文化之“根”、精神之“魂”、学术之“核”。

中华思想文化蕴藏着解决当今人类所面临的许多难题的重要启示，越来越多的外国学者和友人对中华思想文化及其术语产生浓厚的兴趣，希望有更全面、更进一步的了解。

编者：《中华思想文化术语》编委会

出版社：外语教学与研究出版社

出版年份：2015年

由外语教学与研究出版社出版的《中华思想文化术语》是一部整理、诠释、译写、传播中华思想文化术语的著作，有助于让世界更客观、更全面地认识中国，了解中华民族的过去和现在，从而推动国家间的平等对话及不同文明间的交流借鉴。

中华思想文化术语的整理、诠释和英语译写得到了中国教育部、中国国际出版集团、中央编译局、北京大学、中国人民大学、武汉大学、北京外国语大学等单位的大力支持，得到了叶嘉莹、李学勤、张岂之、林茂荪等海内外众多知名学者的支持。

官微系列推送《中华思想文化术语权威英译》，每期摘编一则术语，介绍其定义、译文和引例，与你一起分享中华传统的思想文化之美。

由朝廷创办的设于京师的最高学府和最高教育行政机构。西周时期即有“太学”之名，但真正创设是在汉武帝时期（公元前124年）。太学的教授称“博士”，由精通儒家经典、有丰富教学经验、德才兼备的著名学者担任；学生称“博士弟子”“太学生”等，最多时达万人。其后至明清，中央政府一般都在京师设立太学，或设与太学相同职能的教育机构，名称不一，具体制度也有变化。作为官立的中央最高学府，它和地方教育机构、私人教育组织一起构成了中国古代完备的教育体系。它对于传播儒家经典和以儒家为主的主流价值观起到重要作用。

The imperial academy was the highest educational institution and educational administrative department in feudal China. The term first appeared in the Western Zhou Dynasty, but the firstimperial academy was not officially established until 124 BC during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Teachers of the imperial academy were called “grand academicians” (literarily “scholars of broad learning”). They were well versed in Confucian classics, had rich teaching experience, and possessed both moral integrity and professional competence. Their students were called “students of the imperial academy” or “students of the grand academicians.” At its peak the imperial academy had 10,000 students.The central governments of all subsequent dynasties, including the Ming and Qing, had an imperial academy or a similar institution of education, usually located in the capital. It had different names and systems in different dynasties. The imperial academy, the top institution of learning run by the central government, along with local institutions of education and private schools, formed a complete education system in ancient China. They were significant in disseminating the Confucian classics and ancient China’s mainstream values with Confucianism as its main school of thought.

臣愿陛下兴太学，置明师，以养天下之士。（《汉书·董仲舒传》）

我希望陛下兴办太学，安排精通经书的老师，来培养天下的读书人。

May I propose Your Majesty establish an imperial academy where teachers well versed in the Confucian classics can train students from all over the country. (The History of the Han Dynasty)

欢迎大家与北外官微分享您对这些中华思想文化术语的独到见解。您可以在每期推送下留言，或者投稿到bfsuweixin@bfsu.edu.cn。我们会不定时精选大家的心得体会发表出来哦~

朗读| 孙怡宁

（北外广播台）

编辑 | 徐卉颖

推送 | 党委宣传部融媒体工作室