中华思想文化术语权威英译 | 发愤著书

每个国家和民族都有自己独具的思想文化和话语体系，而思想文化术语无疑是一个国家和民族话语体系中最核心、最本质的部分，是它的思想之“髓”、文化之“根”、精神之“魂”、学术之“核”。

中华思想文化蕴藏着解决当今人类所面临的许多难题的重要启示，越来越多的外国学者和友人对中华思想文化及其术语产生浓厚的兴趣，希望有更全面、更进一步的了解。

编者：《中华思想文化术语》编委会

出版社：外语教学与研究出版社

出版年份：2015年

由外语教学与研究出版社出版的《中华思想文化术语》是一部整理、诠释、译写、传播中华思想文化术语的著作，有助于让世界更客观、更全面地认识中国，了解中华民族的过去和现在，从而推动国家间的平等对话及不同文明间的交流借鉴。

中华思想文化术语的整理、诠释和英语译写得到了中国教育部、中国国际出版集团、中央编译局、北京大学、中国人民大学、武汉大学、北京外国语大学等单位的大力支持，得到了叶嘉莹、李学勤、张岂之、林茂荪等海内外众多知名学者的支持。

官微系列推送《中华思想文化术语权威英译》，每期摘编一则术语，介绍其定义、译文和引例，与你一起分享中华传统的思想文化之美。

因在现实中遭遇不平而下定决心写出传世著作。源出《史记·太史公自序》。西汉司马迁在遭受宫刑后，强烈的愤懑情绪成为他创作《史记》的驱动力。他借《史记》表达自己的思想、感情、志向，最终使著作流传于世。“发愤著书”后多用来解释优秀的文艺作品的创作动机和原因。这一术语解释了优秀的文学作品的产生往往与作者个人的不幸遭遇有直接关联。后世在此基础上又衍生出“不平而鸣”“诗穷而后工”等观点。

This term means suffering injustice in life can spur one to create great works. It originated from the “Preface by the Grand Historian to Records of the Historian.” After Sima Qian, an official in the Western Han Dynasty, suffered the unjust punishment of castration, his indignation spurred him to write the great work, Records of the Historian. In the book he gave expression to his thoughts, feelings, and aspirations, which made the book a classic for later generations. The expression “indignation spurs one to write great works” was used to explain one of the motivations and reasons for creating masterpieces. It points to the fact that injustice suffered by an author often turns out to be the source of inspiration for him to write a literary masterpiece. It later led to similar terms like “Where there is injustice there will be an expression of indignation” and “Frustration inspires poets to write fine poems.”

惜诵以致愍兮，发愤以抒情（屈原：《九章·惜诵》）

痛惜直言进谏却招致谗毁疏远，怀着一腔忧愤抒发衷情。

I am saddened that my frank remonstration with the king has brought false accusation on me and left me in exile. In anguish and indignation, I am writing these poems to express my strong feelings. (Qu Yuan: Collection of Nine Pieces)

《诗》三百篇，大抵圣贤发愤之所为作也。此人皆意有所郁结，不得通其道，故述往事、思来者。（司马迁《报任安书》）

《诗经》三百篇，大都是圣贤抒发忧愤而创作出来的。这些人都是情意郁结，不能实现志向，所以记述往事，希望将来的人能够了解。

Most of the 300 poems in The Book of Songs were written by sages who were in anguish and indignation. They were depressed over what had prevented them from fulfilling their aspirations, so they composed poems about what had happened in the hope that future generations would understand them.(Sima Qian: A Letter of Reply to Ren An)

欢迎大家与北外官微分享您对这些中华思想文化术语的独到见解。您可以在每期推送下留言，或者投稿到bfsuweixin@bfsu.edu.cn。我们会不定时精选大家的心得体会发表出来哦~

编辑 | 学生新闻中心新媒体部 吴陈洁娴